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Fatty Acids

Essential fatty acids are acids that cannot be synthesized by a dog and must be supplied in his diet.

Dogs require one essential fatty acid (linoleic acid) that is classified as one of the "omega-6" fatty acids based on its molecular structure. These fatty acids are found primarily in vegetable oils and animal fat and are provided at appropriate levels in high-quality pet foods to:

• Help regulate the blood flow to body tissues
• Aid in clotting after an injury
• Aid in normal reproduction
• Support a pet's immune system
• Help a normal, healthy pet maintain a handsome haircoat and healthy skin

Another important class of fatty acids is the “omega-3” fatty acids. Although structurally similar to omega-6 fatty acids and with important biological activities, omega-3 fatty acids are not currently recognized as essential in companion animal nutrition.

Because of their structural similarities, omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids compete for the enzymes which convert these fatty acids into their respective metabolites, which serve as cellular signals important in a variety of biological processes including immune function, blood clotting and inflammation. Despite the similarities between omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids, their respective metabolites differ in intensity as cellular signals. The omega-6 derived signals are generally more potent than those derived from omega-3 fatty acids.

The potential of omega-3 fatty acids contributing to the health of our dogs is promising. A growing body of scientific research suggests that this class of fatty acids may benefit pets during certain life stages or when suffering from certain health conditions.

Understanding what omega-6 fatty acids can do for pets and the potential benefits omega-3 fatty acids may offer is a bit complicated, however, the bottom line is that at proper levels and in proper balance in dog food diets, these fatty acids can provide health benefits to our dogs.

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